Scatter plots are graphs that make it easy to compare the correlation between two variables. The x axis can have a range of variable data or represent change over time. In the example above SAT score is compared to graduation rate. The scatter plot makes relating this data incredibly easy. One would reasonably presume that higher SAT scores would yield a higher graduation case, but the scatter plot clearly conveys this isn't quite as straightforward as one would think. That is the power of this type of graph, allowing the interpreter to easily relate the relevance and correlation of the two variables in question.
http://jwilson.coe.uga.edu/EMT668/EMAT6680.2002/Curro/EMAT%206700/Chapter%206/Section3.html
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